Gynaecology and Obstetrics What is the difference between gynaecology and obstetrics? Difference Between Obstetricians and Gynecologists | RUSM Obstetrics involves care during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. Gynecology deals with reproductive health and the functions and diseases specific to women and girls. What does OB/GYN stand for? It stands for obstetrician gynecologist, an expert on women's health who combines both specialties.